本文介绍了MATLAB 语言的特点以及图像处理工具箱实现的经典图像处理技术。应用该工具箱对一实拍的芯片图像进行前期预处理,通过实例验证了该语言具有强大的矩阵运算与图形处理能力,是一种简洁易学,可读性强、功能强大的应用软件,对它的应用可以快速实现模拟仿真,大大提高实验效率。 关键词:MATLAB 语言;图像处理;灰度图像 Abstract: This paper introduces characteristics of MATLAB language and classical image processing technique realized by using image processing toolbox. The toolbox is applied to pre-processing operations for a CMOS chip photograph, by experiment it proved that MATLAB possesses powerful capability to matrix operation and image processing, it is an application software that is simple and easy to study and understand and possesses multiple functions. MATLAB can be used to simulation tests, that will improve efficiency of experiment greatly. Key words: MATLAB software; image processing; gray image.